Roles of SIRT3 in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases

Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) in mitochondria has nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylase activity. As such, SIRT3 is crucial in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Advanced proteomics and transcriptomics studies have revealed that SIRT3 expression becomes altered when the heart or brain is affected by external stimuli or disease, such as diabetic cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease. More specifically, SIRT3 participates in the development of these disorders through its deacetylase activity and in combination with downstream signaling pathways. The paper reviews SIRT3's expression changes, roles, and mechanisms associated with the development of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, strategies targeting SIRT3 to treat or regulate cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease development are discussed.