Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

1.5K
The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
1.5K
Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

1.4K
The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
1.4K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

2.8K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
2.8K
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

3.3K
Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
3.3K
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

3.8K
Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
3.8K
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

3.4K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mapping inequalities in rheumatology care in Europe: the first edition of the EULAR RheumaFacts project.

Annals of the rheumatic diseases·2026
Same author

Association between progression of knee osteoarthritis pathology and gait changes over two years: Data from the IMI-APPROACH cohort.

Osteoarthritis imaging·2026
Same author

Impact of quantified knee positioning on the measurement of minimal joint space width using statistical shape models: A cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis in the IMI-APPROACH.

Osteoarthritis imaging·2026
Same author

Invisible pain, visible impact: the urgent need to prioritise women's health in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases.

Annals of the rheumatic diseases·2026
Same author

An audit to detect gender-based violence victim-survivors and to improve their referral care pathways in a primary care clinic's emergency centre in Cape Town, South Africa: A narrative report.

South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care·2026
Same author

Serological evidence linking viral infections to incident risk of hip and knee osteoarthritis.

Bone & joint research·2026
Same journal

Assisted dying and the silencing of medicine's next generation.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
Same journal

Linguistic pragmatism: a woman with progressive abdominal pain in Thailand.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
Same journal

Medical compartmentalisation: a patient with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in Japan.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
Same journal

[<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-edotreotide versus everolimus for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (COMPETE): a phase 3, multicentre, randomised, open-label, superiority trial.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
Same journal

Research priorities for characterising Bundibugyo virus.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
Same journal

Rethinking treatment sequence in advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint
06:06

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

Published on: July 22, 2021

5.8K

Osteoarthritis.

Margreet Kloppenburg1, Mosedi Namane2, Flavia Cicuttini3

  • 1Department of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.

Lancet (London, England)
|January 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Osteoarthritis management faces challenges despite advances in understanding its causes. New treatments are needed to address symptoms and structural damage, with inflammation targeting showing promise.

More Related Videos

Synovial Fluid Analysis to Identify Osteoarthritis
07:51

Synovial Fluid Analysis to Identify Osteoarthritis

Published on: October 20, 2022

4.2K
The Monoiodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritis Pain in the Mouse
09:26

The Monoiodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritis Pain in the Mouse

Published on: May 16, 2016

35.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint
06:06

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

Published on: July 22, 2021

5.8K
Synovial Fluid Analysis to Identify Osteoarthritis
07:51

Synovial Fluid Analysis to Identify Osteoarthritis

Published on: October 20, 2022

4.2K
The Monoiodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritis Pain in the Mouse
09:26

The Monoiodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritis Pain in the Mouse

Published on: May 16, 2016

35.0K

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Health
  • Genetics and Microbiome Research
  • Pain Management and Therapeutics

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) is a growing global health burden, driven by aging and obesity.
  • Etiology understanding has advanced, including genetics, microbiome, and pain mechanisms.
  • Current treatments often focus on symptom relief, with limited disease-modifying options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of osteoarthritis etiology and management challenges.
  • To highlight the need for novel treatments targeting both symptoms and structural progression.
  • To explore emerging therapeutic strategies, such as anti-inflammatory approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in osteoarthritis research.
  • Analysis of current treatment efficacy and limitations.
  • Synthesis of evidence on novel therapeutic targets and approaches.

Main Results:

  • Despite improved etiological knowledge, new OA treatments remain scarce.
  • Efficacy of some established treatments like exercise and weight loss is being re-evaluated.
  • Targeting inflammation shows promise, particularly for hand osteoarthritis.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of osteoarthritis requires personalized approaches considering patient factors.
  • Continued research is crucial for developing disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs).
  • Inflammation-targeted therapies represent a promising avenue for OA treatment.