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Three-year-old development: The relationship of child health and parenting stress to neurocognition

N Alise Farrell1, Tamekia Jones2, Bruce L Keisling3

  • 1Department of Acute and Tertiary Care, College of Nursing, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 847 Union Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Nursing
|January 4, 2025
PubMed

Insights

High parenting stress and child special healthcare needs are linked to lower neurocognitive development (NCD) in children, particularly affecting receptive communication skills. Early identification and support are crucial for these children and their families.

Area of Science:

  • Child Development
  • Pediatric Health
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Parenting stress is a significant factor impacting child development.
  • Children with special healthcare needs often face unique developmental challenges.
  • Neurocognitive development (NCD) encompasses cognitive and language skills crucial for early childhood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between parenting stress and child special healthcare needs with child neurocognitive development (NCD).
  • To identify specific areas of NCD affected by these factors.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary analysis of a longitudinal mother-child cohort study.
  • Multivariable regression models assessed associations between parenting stress, child special healthcare needs, and NCD.
  • Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-Third Edition (Bayley-III) evaluated child NCD.

Main Results:

  • Higher parenting stress was reported in mothers of children with special healthcare needs.
  • Clinically significant parenting stress and child special healthcare needs were associated with a reduction in Bayley-III Receptive Scaled scores.
  • The effect showed a reduction of 0.515 in receptive scaled scores (CI = 0.11, 0.92, p = .013).

Conclusions:

  • Clinically significant parenting stress and child special healthcare needs are associated with diminished child NCD, specifically in receptive communication.
  • Healthcare providers should proactively identify children with special healthcare needs and support families experiencing parenting stress.
  • Early intervention and comprehensive support are vital for optimizing NCD in at-risk children.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildNeurocognitive developmentParentingParenting stressSpecial health care need

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