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Molecular models for DNA damaged by photoreaction.

D A Pearlman, S R Holbrook, D H Pirkle

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |March 15, 1985
    PubMed
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    Structural models reveal DNA damage from radiation, like psoralen cross-links and thymine photodimers, cause kinking and unwinding. This DNA structural change may affect cellular repair mechanisms and biological outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Structural biology
    • Radiation biology
    • Molecular genetics

    Background:

    • DNA damage can arise from environmental factors like radiation.
    • Psoralen cross-links and thymine photodimers are specific types of DNA damage.
    • Understanding DNA structure alterations is crucial for cell biology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To construct detailed structural models of DNA with specific radiation-induced lesions.
    • To analyze the geometric and conformational changes in DNA at damage sites.
    • To investigate the potential implications of these structural changes for DNA repair and biological effects.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized energy minimization techniques for structural modeling.
    • Employed model-building procedures based on X-ray crystallographic data.

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  • Focused on DNA molecules with psoralen cross-links and thymine photodimers.

    • Main Results:

    • Structural models exhibited significant kinking and unwinding of the DNA helix at damage sites.
    • Observed alterations in DNA supercoiling and overall structure due to localized damage.
    • Identified damaged regions as potential recognition sites for DNA repair enzymes.

    Conclusions:

    • Radiation-induced DNA damage, such as psoralen cross-links and thymine photodimers, induces substantial structural perturbations.
    • These structural changes may have both local and long-range consequences on DNA conformation and function.
    • The study provides insights into how DNA damage affects cellular processes and repair pathways.