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Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Coherence between Brain Cortical Function and Neurocognitive Performance during Changed Gravity Conditions

Coherence between Brain Cortical Function and Neurocognitive Performance during Changed Gravity Conditions

Published on: May 23, 2011

The microgravity environment affects sensorimotor adaptation and its neural correlates.

G D Tays¹, K E Hupfeld¹, H R McGregor¹

¹Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

|January 5, 2025

Summary

Microgravity does not alter short-term sensorimotor adaptation in astronauts. However, it impacts de-adaptation, with neural activity taking up to 90 days to normalize post-flight.

Keywords:

brain changes microgravity sensorimotor adaptation spaceflight

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Area of Science:

Space Physiology
Neuroscience
Human Adaptation

Background:

Microgravity causes sensorimotor changes upon return to Earth.
In-flight behavioral effects of microgravity are less understood.
Investigating adaptation to sensory conflict in microgravity is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine if microgravity disrupts sensorimotor adaptation.
To assess competition for adaptive resources in space.
To evaluate functional brain changes related to sensorimotor adaptation.

Main Methods:

Sensorimotor adaptation was evaluated pre-, in-, and post-flight.
Functional brain changes were assessed using MRI pre- and post-flight.
Astronauts (n=13) and Earth-bound controls (n=13) participated.

Main Results:

Astronauts showed no change in adaptation pre-, in-, or post-flight.
Greater sensorimotor adaptation aftereffects were observed in astronauts inflight.
Increased brain activity persisted up to 90 days post-flight in astronauts.

Conclusions:

Microgravity does not alter short-term visuomotor adaptation.
Microgravity affects sensorimotor de-adaptation.
Post-flight sensorimotor neural activation requires up to 90 days to normalize.