Multifaceted roles of IL-17 in bone and tendon health

The interleukin-17 (IL-17) family, encompassing IL-17A to IL-17F, plays pivotal roles across various biomedical fields. IL-17A, a prominent cytokine, has garnered significant attention. However, the pathological effects of IL-17 can often be unpredictable. This review delves into the multifaceted roles of IL-17 family members in bone healing, tendon ossification, and aging. IL-17 is central in modulating the inflammatory response during bone healing, influencing osteoblast and osteoclast activities, and promoting bone regeneration. In the context of tendon ossification, IL-17 orchestrates the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of fibroblasts, instigating inflammatory responses. It also impacts the functionality of tendon stem cells and the composition of the extracellular matrix, correlating with indicators of tendon senescence. By understanding these dynamic changes, we gain deeper insights into IL-17's crucial function in bone and tendon tissues, highlighting its potential in modulating inflammatory responses. As research continues to evolve, promising therapeutic interventions targeting IL-17 are on the horizon, addressing disease challenges and paving the way for new, effective treatments.