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Melatonin Alleviates Circadian Rhythm Disruption-Induced Enhanced Luteinizing Hormone Pulse Frequency and Ovarian
Yujing Li1,2,3, Tianjiao Pei1,2,3, Huili Zhu1,2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Journal of Pineal Research
|January 6, 2025
Summary
Circadian rhythm disruption impairs female reproduction by altering the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Melatonin treatment can restore reproductive function and protect against ovarian damage caused by this disruption.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Endocrinology
- Chronobiology
- Neuroendocrinology
Background:
- Circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) is linked to reproductive dysfunction.
- Melatonin signaling is vital for female reproduction but its role in CRD-induced dysfunction is unclear.
- The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis, regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) pulses, controls key reproductive processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of CRD on the HPO axis in female mice.
- To determine the role of melatonin in CRD-induced reproductive dysfunction.
- To evaluate the therapeutic potential of melatonin supplementation.
Main Methods:
- CRD was induced in female CBA/CaJ mice by an 8-h advance light schedule every 3 days for 8 weeks.
- Measurements included diurnal melatonin levels, LH pulse patterns, estrous cycles, and ovarian oxidative stress markers.
- Melatonin treatment was administered to assess its effects on HPO axis function and ovarian health.
Main Results:
- CRD altered activity and melatonin rhythms, augmented LH pulse patterns (increased frequency, mean levels, LHβ expression), and caused irregular estrous cycles and ovarian oxidative stress.
- Melatonin treatment significantly improved HPO axis function, reducing LH pulse frequency and LHβ expression.
- Melatonin restored ovarian function, reduced reactive oxygen species, and prevented apoptosis.
Conclusions:
- CRD negatively impacts female reproduction via HPO axis dysregulation and oxidative stress.
- Melatonin plays a protective role and its supplementation can mitigate CRD-induced reproductive impairments.
- This study highlights melatonin as a potential therapeutic strategy for CRD-related reproductive issues.
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