Strategies to mitigate complications in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair

The rotator cuff, a vital group of tendons and muscles in the shoulder, is essential for stabilizing the joint and enabling a wide range of arm movements. Rotator cuff tears, common across all age groups, often cause significant pain and functional limitations. Rotator cuff repair surgery aims to alleviate pain, restore function, and improve quality of life. Recent advances, particularly in arthroscopic techniques, have enhanced surgical outcomes and shortened recovery times. Nevertheless, risks remain, including surgical site infections, tendon retears, stiffness, severe postoperative pain, and nerve injuries. This article explores the complexities of rotator cuff repair, dividing complications into intraoperative and postoperative categories. Key challenges in arthroscopic techniques include ensuring optimal visualization, preventing anchor pullout, and managing chondral damage. Postoperative concerns such as infections, stiffness, and retears are also discussed, with an emphasis on preoperative skin preparation and emerging interventions like benzoyl peroxide application and platelet-rich plasma. By incorporating surgical innovations, evidence-based protocols, and comprehensive patient management, clinicians can enhance outcomes and recovery rates. The ongoing exploration of new treatments and collaborative research efforts are crucial for refining treatment protocols and advancing orthopedic patient care.