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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood

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Published on: February 11, 2017

Bidirectional associations between responsive parenting and children's internalizing problems and moderation by

Amanda J Thompson¹, Erin C Tully², Christopher C Henrich³

¹Nationwide Children's Hospital.

Journal of Family Psychology : JFP : Journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43)

|January 6, 2025

Summary

Positive parenting is linked to fewer child internalizing problems, especially for emotionally reactive children. Early responsive parenting benefits children, while later less responsive parenting may follow child internalizing issues.

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Area of Science:

Developmental Psychology
Child Psychology
Family Studies

Background:

Positive parenting and child internalizing problems show bidirectional links in later childhood.
These associations may emerge earlier and be influenced by children's negative emotionality.
Parental support is crucial for children's emotion regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine bidirectional associations between parental positive responsivity and child internalizing problems from early to middle childhood.
To investigate the moderating effect of children's negative emotionality on these associations.

Main Methods:

Longitudinal study with 4,898 children.
Assessed parental responsivity and child internalizing problems at multiple time points from ages 3 to 9.
Analyzed bidirectional associations and moderation by negative emotionality.

Main Results:

Small bidirectional associations were found between ages 3-5.
Parental responsivity at ages 3 and 5 predicted fewer internalizing problems at ages 5 and 9.
Negative emotionality moderated the link between early responsivity and later internalizing problems for moderately to highly negative children.

Conclusions:

Parental positive responsivity and child internalizing problems are bidirectionally linked in early childhood (ages 3-5).
Responsive parenting is associated with fewer internalizing problems, particularly for children with higher negative emotionality.
Children with internalizing problems may experience less responsive parenting later on.