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Practical approach to quantitative liver and pancreas MRI in children
Justine M Kemp1,2, Adarsh Ghosh3, Jonathan R Dillman3,4
1Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. justine.kemp@cchmc.org.
Insights
Quantitative abdominal MRI offers objective disease assessment in children. Advances in free-breathing and compressed sensing techniques are making liver and pancreas quantitative imaging more accessible for pediatric practice.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Pediatric Radiology
- Quantitative MRI
Background:
- Quantitative abdominal MRI provides non-invasive, objective disease assessment.
- Clinical use is expanding in the pediatric population for liver and pancreas evaluation.
- Established techniques include liver proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and R2* mapping.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current quantitative liver and pancreas MRI techniques.
- To provide a practical guide for implementing these techniques in pediatric practice.
- To discuss future directions in pediatric quantitative abdominal imaging.
Main Methods:
- Review of established and emerging quantitative MRI techniques.
- Focus on applicability and implementation in pediatric patients.
- Discussion of technological advancements facilitating pediatric use.
Main Results:
- Several quantitative MRI techniques are in clinical use, with others emerging.
- Historically breath-hold dependent techniques are becoming more feasible for children.
- Technological advances like free-breathing and compressed sensing aid implementation.
Conclusions:
- Quantitative MRI is valuable for pediatric liver and pancreas assessment.
- Advancements are overcoming previous limitations for pediatric application.
- This review offers guidance for clinical implementation and future development.
Abstract:
Quantitative abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers non-invasive, objective assessment of diseases in the liver, pancreas, and other organs and is increasingly being used in the pediatric population. Certain quantitative MRI techniques, such as liver proton density fat fraction (PDFF), R2* mapping, and MR elastography, are already in wide clinical use. Other techniques, such as liver T1 mapping and pancreas quantitative imaging methods, are emerging and show promise for enhancing diagnostic sensitivity and treatment monitoring. Quantitative imaging techniques have historically required a breath-hold, making them more difficult to implement in the pediatric population. However, technological advances, including free-breathing techniques and compressed sensing imaging, are making these techniques easier to implement. The purpose of this article is to review current liver and pancreas quantitative techniques and to provide a practical guide for implementing these techniques in pediatric practice. Future directions of liver and pancreas quantitative imaging will be briefly discussed.
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Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...