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The maximum power flow for lossy transmission lines is derived using ABCD parameters in phasor form. These parameters create a matrix relationship between the sending-end and receiving-end voltages and currents, allowing the determination of the receiving-end current. This relationship facilitates calculating the complex power delivered to the receiving end, from which real and reactive power components are derived.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

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Two-stage multi-objective framework for optimal operation of modern distribution network considering demand response

Mohamed R Elshenawy1, Abdalla Mohamed2, A A Ali2

  • 1Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt. muhamedelshenawy@h-eng.helwan.edu.eg.

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|January 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an advanced energy management framework using an individual incentive rate for Demand Response Programs (DRP). This approach significantly cuts energy losses, generation costs, and emissions in distribution networks.

Keywords:
Demand response program (DRP)Distribution network operator (DNO)Elephant herding optimization (EHO)Energy management (EM)Incentive rateTechnique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS)

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Renewable Energy Systems
  • Smart Grids

Background:

  • Inadequate grid reliability exacerbates energy crises and environmental concerns.
  • Advanced energy management systems are crucial for enhancing grid reliability and efficiency.
  • Demand-side management, particularly Demand Response Programs (DRP), offers significant technical and economic benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel two-stage framework for multi-objective operation of distribution networks with diverse generation resources.
  • To enhance grid reliability and efficiency through an optimized Demand Response Program (DRP) with individual consumer incentives.
  • To address energy losses, voltage deviation, operational costs, and emissions while maximizing voltage stability.

Main Methods:

  • A two-stage framework integrating DRP with optimized individual incentive rates and optimal power sharing.
  • Formulation of a multi-objective optimization problem considering energy losses, voltage deviation, cost, emissions, and stability.
  • Application of the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO) techniques.

Main Results:

  • The proposed framework with individual incentive rate DRP outperformed common incentive rate DRP.
  • Achieved a 38.13% reduction in total energy losses.
  • Reduced total generation cost by 9.468% and emissions by 5.9%.

Conclusions:

  • The individual incentive rate DRP is a superior demand-side management strategy for distribution networks.
  • The proposed framework effectively optimizes multi-objective operations, enhancing grid performance and sustainability.
  • This research provides a viable solution for improving grid reliability and mitigating energy crisis impacts.