Growth suppressing effect of Fagonia arabica extracts on cancerous cell line

Homeostasis of tissues requires a complex balance between cell proliferation and cell death. The disruption of this balance leads to tumors. Cancer is a mortal disease that spreads all over the body, it is an irregular cell growth. All the tumors are not cancerous, benign tumors do not spread to all body parts. Cancer is caused when cells start to grow out of control, known as increased proliferation. Cancer is of many kinds and the reason for cancer is the uncontrolled growth of cells that can affect any tissue of the body Conventional plants are precious sources of novel cytotoxic agents and are still in a better role in health concerns. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of in vitro anti-proliferative activity of Fagonia arabica plant extracts against HeLa and HepG2 cell lines and compared with normal BHK cells. Fagonia arabica plant (seed, leaves, fruit peel, fruit pulp, stem, and root) is extracted in their solvent's ethanol, ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether. For the estimation of anti-proliferation, cell viability, and cell death in HeLa, HepG2, BHK, MTT assay was done. The angiogenic potential was checked via Immunocytochemistry and ELISA of VEGF. Immunocytochemistry and ELISA of Annexin-V were performed for the estimation of apoptosis in HeLa cells and BHK. Furthermore, Immunocytochemistry and ELISA for p53 were also performed. Cancer cells (HeLa, HepG2) showed reduced angiogenesis, low proliferation, increased apoptotic level, reduced viability, and increased cell death. It is found that Fagonia arabica plant extract induces apoptosis along with inhibition of proliferation and angiogenesis may strongly have profound effects on growth suppression of HeLa and HepG2 cell lines.