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Mitral and tricuspid valve anular diameter in normal children determined by two-dimensional echocardiography
Insights
This study establishes normal atrioventricular valve anular diameter values in children using echocardiograms. Body surface area best predicts these measurements, aiding in congenital heart disease surgical planning.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Echocardiography
- Congenital Heart Disease
Background:
- Accurate reference values for atrioventricular valve anular dimensions in children are crucial for diagnosing and managing congenital heart conditions.
- Existing data may be insufficient for precise surgical planning in pediatric populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish normative data for mitral and tricuspid valve anular diameters in a pediatric cohort.
- To identify key anthropometric predictors of atrioventricular valve anular size in children.
- To provide data supporting surgical decision-making for pediatric congenital heart disease.
Main Methods:
- Two-dimensional echocardiography was used to measure mitral and tricuspid valve anular diameters in 103 children (1 day to 15 years).
- Measurements were obtained from standard echocardiographic views (parasternal long axis, apical/subcostal 4-chamber).
- Multiple regression analysis correlated anular diameter with weight and body surface area (BSA) using various mathematical functions.
Main Results:
- Both mitral and tricuspid valve anular diameters demonstrated a proportional increase with the logarithm of weight and BSA.
- A logarithmic function of body surface area emerged as the strongest predictor of valve anular diameter.
- High correlation coefficients (0.90-0.93) were observed between BSA and the measured anular dimensions.
Conclusions:
- Normal atrioventricular valve anular diameters in children are best predicted by logarithmic functions of body surface area.
- These established normal values are valuable for surgical planning in pediatric congenital heart disease.
- This research provides essential reference data for pediatric cardiac interventions.
Abstract:
To establish normal values for atrioventricular valve anular diameter in children, we measured the diameter of the mitral and tricuspid valve anuli from 2-dimensional echocardiograms in 103 children aged 1 day to 15 years. Measurements of the mitral valve anulus were made from the parasternal long axis and the apical or subcostal 4-chamber views. The tricuspid valve was measured from the subcostal or apical 4-chamber view. Multiple regression analyses were performed comparing valve anular diameter to weight and body surface area and their respective square root, cube root and logarithmic functions. Mitral and tricuspid anular diameter increased in proportion to the logarithm of weight and body surface area. The best predictor of valve anular diameter was a logarithmic function of body surface area with a calculated correlation coefficient ranging from 0.90 to 0.93 for the 3 anular dimensions. Knowledge of the normal atrioventricular valve anular diameter should be useful in planning palliative or corrective surgery in children with congenital heart disease.