Role of Radiomics-based Multiomics Panel in the Microenvironment and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of liver tumor, characterized by restricted therapeutic options and typically low long-term survival rates. Recently, immunotherapy has revolutionized HCC treatment, making the tumor microenvironment (TME) a research focus. Radiomics is increasingly crucial in HCC clinical decisions, offering advanced tools for TME characterization and prognosis assessment. Meanwhile, advancements in pathomics provide new insights into HCC's comprehensive traits and details. Advancements in genomics and transcriptomics enable the integration of radiomics and pathomics with genetic data to better understand HCC heterogeneity and its microenvironment, aiding prognostic assessments. This review provides a comprehensive overview of pivotal radiomics studies focused on TME prediction, underscoring the synergistic effects of integrating multiomics approaches for TME analysis and HCC outcome prediction. It critically examines the challenges and opportunities inherent in multiomics research, emphasizing its substantial significance in both research and clinical contexts.