Comparative Analysis of Visitor Codes of Conduct in Chinese and Anglophone Zoos

Zoos worldwide use codes of conduct to regulate visitor behavior. Despite their global popularity, the ethical management of zoo visitors remains an underexplored area of research. This study analyzes 899 statements from 27 Chinese zoos and 22 zoos in predominantly English-speaking countries, uncovering significant cross-cultural similarities in the structure and content of these codes. The findings reveal that a deontological approach currently dominates, emphasizing the rule-based regulation of visitor behavior. However, this study highlights the potential to expand the scope of these codes by integrating animal welfare principles and conservation education to foster greater awareness and engagement. Furthermore, adopting teleological and context-sensitive approaches in designing these codes could enhance visitor involvement and support more effective zoo management.