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The Limbic System in Co-Occurring Substance Use and Anxiety Disorders: A Narrative Review Using the RDoC Framework
Esther R-H Lin1, Faith N Veenker1, Peter Manza1
1Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Brain Sciences
|January 8, 2025
Summary
Substance use disorders and anxiety disorders frequently co-occur, leading to poorer outcomes. This review examines the shared neurobiological mechanisms across addiction stages, offering insights for better treatments.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Addiction Research
Background:
- Substance use disorders (SUDs) and anxiety disorders (ADs) exhibit high comorbidity.
- This co-occurrence is associated with more severe clinical outcomes compared to individual diagnoses.
- Neurobiological underpinnings of comorbid SUDs and ADs are an emerging research area.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the neurobiological processes underlying the comorbidity of SUDs and ADs.
- To utilize the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework to map disruptions in key neural systems.
- To examine these disruptions across the distinct stages of the addiction cycle.
Main Methods:
- This study is a narrative review.
- It employs the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework.
- The review maps disruptions in positive valence, negative valence, and cognitive systems.
Main Results:
- Anxiety and substance use interact reciprocally at each stage of the addiction cycle.
- Significant psychosocial impairment and brain dysregulation characterize this comorbidity.
- Disruptions are observed across positive valence, negative valence, and cognitive systems.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the neural basis of comorbid SUDs and anxiety disorders is crucial.
- This knowledge can inform the development of more targeted and effective therapeutic interventions.
- Improved assessments for these conditions can be developed based on neurobiological insights.
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