Endurance Effort Affected Expression of Actinin 3 and Klotho Different Isoforms Basing on the Arabian Horses Model

Area of Science:

• Equine genetics
• Molecular biology
• Exercise physiology

Background:

• The Klotho (KL) and Alpha-actinin-3 (ACTN3) genes are crucial for muscle function, health, and performance in mammals.
• Previous research indicates diverse roles for KL and ACTN3 isoforms in metabolism.
• Arabian horses are a key breed for studying endurance genetics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the expression levels of various ACTN3 and KL gene isoforms in Arabian horses.
• To determine how endurance exercise affects the expression of these isoforms.
• To identify potential genetic markers for equine endurance performance.

Main Methods:

• Blood samples were collected from 10 Arabian horses participating in a 120 km endurance ride.
• RNA isolation, reverse transcription, and real-time PCR were employed to quantify gene expression.
• The delta-delta CT method was used to calculate relative quantities (RQ) of gene expression.

Main Results:

• Significant variations in the expression levels of different ACTN3 and KL isoforms were observed.
• The study identified ACTN3 and KL genes as suitable genetic markers for endurance performance.
• Correlation network analysis highlighted MIOX, SH3RH2, and TNNI2 genes' involvement in endurance metabolism.

Conclusions:

• ACTN3 and KL gene isoforms exhibit distinct expression patterns related to endurance exercise in Arabian horses.
• These genes serve as valuable genetic markers for evaluating equine endurance capacity.
• Other genes like MIOX, SH3RH2, and TNNI2 play significant roles in the metabolic response to endurance efforts.