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Updated: Jun 3, 2025
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Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
Published on: June 8, 2022
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Urinary Immune Complexes Reflect Renal Pathology in Lupus Nephritis
Chenling Tang1, Aygun Teymur1, Tianfu Wu1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 8, 2025
Summary
This study identifies novel urinary biomarkers for lupus nephritis (LN). Urinary immune complexes, particularly ALCAM-ICx and CCL21-ICx, show high diagnostic potential for monitoring LN.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Immunology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe kidney complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
- Renal biopsy, the current diagnostic standard, is invasive.
- There is a critical need for non-invasive urinary biomarkers to monitor LN progression and treatment response.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and validate novel urinary biomarkers for lupus nephritis.
- To assess the diagnostic performance of urinary biomarkers and immune complexes in LN.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of omics data from 10 LN-related databases (urine, PBMCs, kidney tissue).
- Identification of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and genes (DEGs).
- Validation of candidate biomarkers using ELISA in an independent cohort of 87 urine samples.
Main Results:
- 78 biomarkers identified, with 14 overlapping across transcriptomic categories.
- Novel urinary biomarkers SERPING1, SLPI, and CD48 were validated.
- Urinary immune complexes (ICx) showed superior diagnostic performance, with ALCAM-ICx and CCL21-ICx achieving the highest AUC values.
Conclusions:
- Urinary immune complexes and antigens show promise as non-invasive biomarkers for LN.
- ALCAM-ICx, CD163, and SERPING1-ICx are identified as potential candidates for an LN biomarker panel.
- These biomarkers can aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of lupus nephritis.
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