Simulation of an Orthodontic System Using the Lingual Technique Based on the Finite Element Method

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Orthodontics
• Materials Science

Background:

• The finite element method (FEM) is a powerful numerical tool for analyzing biomechanical behavior in orthodontics.
• FEM aids in studying tooth movement, stress, and deformation during orthodontic treatment.
• It enables simulation and visualization of teeth, tissues, and appliances in clinical scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the mechanical behavior of teeth, tissues, and orthodontic appliances.
• To investigate the influence of different material combinations on biomechanical outcomes in lingual orthodontics.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a 3D model from CBCT scans of a patient undergoing lingual orthodontic treatment.
• Employed reverse engineering to reconstruct teeth and internal structures.
• Conducted six FEM simulations using chrome-nickel or gold brackets and nitinol, gold, or stainless steel archwires.

Main Results:

• Archwire deformation was consistent across materials, but generated forces on brackets varied.
• Different archwire materials produced distinct forces on brackets.
• Force variations are critical for personalized treatment and preventing dental structure overload.

Conclusions:

• FEM analysis identifies optimal material combinations for orthodontic archwires and brackets.
• This optimization ensures desired tooth movement with controlled forces.
• Prevents damage to enamel, dentin, and pulp during fixed lingual orthodontic treatment.