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Chemerin and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Its Role as a Biomarker and Therapeutic Target.

Stefano Palomba1, Giuseppe Seminara2, Flavia Costanzi3

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Biomedicines
|January 8, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chemerin levels are higher in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), impacting insulin resistance and ovarian function. This adipokine may serve as a future biomarker and therapeutic target for PCOS management.

Keywords:
chemerinhyperandrogenisminfertilityinsulin resistanceobesityovarian dysfunctionpolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)pregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

  • Chemerin, an adipokine, is linked to inflammation, metabolism, and fat cell development.
  • Elevated serum chemerin is observed in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  • A comprehensive review on chemerin's role in PCOS is currently lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review current data on the association between chemerin and PCOS.
  • To explore chemerin's potential as a biomarker for PCOS.
  • To identify chemerin as a potential therapeutic target for PCOS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of studies from 2019-2024 in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science.
  • Focus on research linking chemerin, PCOS, and related features/comorbidities.
  • Qualitative synthesis of clinical and experimental (human and animal models) data.

Main Results:

  • Serum chemerin levels are consistently higher in women with PCOS, irrespective of obesity.
  • Chemerin correlates with insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and ovarian dysfunction in PCOS.
  • Chemerin influences folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis; animal models show hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis involvement.
  • Elevated chemerin is associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications like gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia.

Conclusions:

  • Chemerin plays a significant role in PCOS pathophysiology, severity, and associated complications.
  • Chemerin demonstrates potential as a future diagnostic biomarker for PCOS.
  • Chemerin emerges as a promising target for novel therapeutic strategies in PCOS.