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In Vivo Evaluation of Two Hemorrhagic Shock Resuscitation Controllers with Non-Invasive, Intermittent Sensors
Tina M Rodgers1, David Berard1, Jose M Gonzalez1
1Organ Support and Automation Technologies Group, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 8, 2025
Summary
Closed-loop fluid resuscitation controllers show promise for trauma care. These systems effectively resuscitated subjects using non-invasive blood pressure monitoring, simplifying treatment in critical situations.
Area of Science:
- Trauma Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
- Physiological Monitoring
Background:
- Hemorrhage is a major cause of preventable death in trauma.
- Fluid resuscitation is critical but challenging in mass casualty events.
- Traditional methods require invasive monitoring, limiting use in far-forward settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate closed-loop fluid resuscitation controllers using non-invasive, intermittent sensor inputs.
- To simplify fluid resuscitation management in austere environments.
- To assess controller effectiveness without invasive arterial catheters.
Main Methods:
- Two closed-loop controller designs were tested in a swine hemorrhagic shock model.
- Controllers received simulated non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) data every 60 seconds.
- Resuscitation effectiveness was compared to NIBP cuffs and a deep learning model.
Main Results:
- Both controllers achieved at least 95% resuscitation effectiveness in hemorrhagic shock.
- Intermittent NIBP data successfully guided resuscitation.
- Non-invasive methods showed potential but require further refinement.
Conclusions:
- Closed-loop resuscitation controllers are effective with intermittent, non-invasive inputs.
- This technology can enhance patient management in mass casualty and battlefield scenarios.
- Future work will focus on refining non-invasive sensor integration for broader clinical application.
