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Assessing Type 2 Diabetes Risk in the Post-Pandemic Era: A Pharmacy-Led FINDRISC Screening Study
Victoria Bell1,2, Ana Rita Rodrigues1, Vera Costa1
1Social Pharmacy and Public Health Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 8, 2025
Summary
Community pharmacies effectively screen for type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk using the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC). Post-pandemic assessments reveal significant T2D risk factors, highlighting the crucial role of accessible screening.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) poses a significant global health challenge, with over 90% of diabetes mellitus (DM) cases attributed to T2D.
- Community pharmacies offer accessible points for early T2D detection and management.
- The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on T2D risk profiles requires evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate post-pandemic T2D risk in a Portuguese population using the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC).
- To assess the role of community pharmacies in identifying individuals at high risk for T2D.
- To identify key risk factors associated with T2D in the studied population.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) for risk assessment.
- Screened 494 participants aged 40+ without prior diabetes diagnosis across five community pharmacies.
- Collected data on risk factors including age, BMI, waist circumference, physical activity, family history, and educational level. Measured glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) for referred participants.
Main Results:
- The mean FINDRISC score was 12.3.
- 29.8% of participants were identified as high or very high risk for T2D.
- 8.7% of participants with elevated HbA1c were referred for further medical evaluation. Key risk factors identified were age, BMI, waist circumference, physical inactivity, family history, and lower education levels. Pre-pandemic and post-pandemic FINDRISC results showed similar risk profiles.
Conclusions:
- Community pharmacies are vital for screening and educating populations at risk of T2D.
- FINDRISC is a cost-effective tool for community pharmacy-based T2D risk assessment.
- Lifestyle modifications (physical activity, diet) and regular monitoring are crucial for mitigating T2D risk. The COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly alter the overall T2D risk profile in this population.
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