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Updated: Jun 3, 2025
Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model
Published on: March 20, 2020
Latest Therapeutical Approaches for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: From Preclinical to Clinical Research
Mariona Pont1,2, Marta Marqués1,2, Anabel Sorolla1
1Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
Abstract:
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents roughly one-sixth of all breast cancer patients, but accounts for 30-40% of breast cancer deaths. Due to the lack of typical biomarkers exploited clinically for breast cancer, it remains very difficult to treat. Moreover, its intrinsic high heterogeneity and proneness to become resistant to the drugs administered makes the treatment management very challenging for oncologists. Herein, we outline the different therapies used currently for TNBC and list the ongoing clinical trials to provide an overview of the most recent TNBC therapeutic landscape. In addition, we highlight the emerging therapies in the preclinical stage that hold the most promise, such as epigenetic modulators, CRISPR, miniproteins, radioconjugates, cancer vaccines, and PROTACs. Moreover, we navigate through the existing limitations and challenges which hamper the development of new and more effective treatments for TNBC. Lastly, we point to emerging new directions that may revolutionize future therapy for TNBC.
Insights
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is difficult to treat due to its heterogeneity and drug resistance. This review covers current and emerging therapies, including epigenetic modulators and PROTACs, to improve TNBC treatment outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cancer Research
- Translational Medicine
Background:
- Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for a significant proportion of breast cancer deaths.
- TNBC lacks specific biomarkers, complicating treatment strategies.
- High tumor heterogeneity and acquired drug resistance present major clinical challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of the current therapeutic landscape for TNBC.
- To highlight promising emerging therapies in preclinical development for TNBC.
- To discuss limitations and future directions in TNBC treatment.
Main Methods:
- Review of current TNBC therapies.
- Analysis of ongoing clinical trials for TNBC.
- Identification and discussion of emerging preclinical therapeutic strategies.
Main Results:
- Current TNBC treatments face challenges due to tumor biology.
- Emerging therapies like epigenetic modulators, CRISPR, miniproteins, radioconjugates, cancer vaccines, and PROTACs show significant promise.
- Ongoing clinical trials are exploring novel treatment combinations and agents.
Conclusions:
- Despite challenges, advancements in understanding TNBC biology are driving innovation.
- Emerging therapeutic modalities offer new hope for improving patient outcomes.
- Future research directions aim to overcome resistance and enhance treatment efficacy in TNBC.
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