Advances in Research on Southern Corn Rust, a Devasting Fungal Disease

Southern corn rust (SCR), caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus Puccinia polysora Underw., represents one of the most devastating threats to maize production, potentially resulting in yield losses exceeding 50%. Due to global climate change and cropping practices, epiphytotics of SCR have been increasingly reported, and are progressively spreading from tropical and subtropical maize growing areas to higher latitude areas. Over the past decade, researchers worldwide have undertaken extensive investigations into SCR, encompassing its occurrence and transmission pathways, the causative pathogen, the identification of resistant/tolerant germplasms along with associated genes/QTL, as well as potential control strategies. Nevertheless, information pertaining to this disease remains fragmented; thus far, standardized preventive and control measures have yet to be established. In response to this situation, this review seeks to comprehensively synthesize research findings on SCR while providing valuable insights into its occurrence, prevention, and control strategies aimed at mitigating the adverse impact and losses caused by SCR on global maize production.