Natural Products as Modulators of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling in Atopic Dermatitis Management

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by immune dysregulation, skin barrier dysfunction, and a significant patient burden. Recent studies have highlighted the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as a promising therapeutic target for AD management because of its pivotal role in modulating immune responses and maintaining skin barrier integrity. The dysfunction of the AhR pathway has been linked to AD pathogenesis, emphasizing the need for therapies that can restore its regulatory functions. Natural products have emerged as potential modulators of the AhR and are effective and safe alternatives to conventional treatments. Compounds such as curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, and microbial metabolites have demonstrated the ability to activate AhR, reduce inflammation, and promote skin barrier function. These natural agents have fewer side effects and enhance patient compliance compared with conventional therapies, making them attractive candidates for long-term AD management. The integration of natural products targeting the AhR pathway provides a multifaceted approach that alleviates symptoms, addresses underlying disease mechanisms, and promotes sustainable improvements in skin health. This review highlights the therapeutic potential of natural AhR modulators and their potential roles in enhancing patient outcomes through novel integrative treatment strategies.