Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria-Derived Postbiotic Supplementation on Tuberculosis in Wild Boar Populations

The Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa) is a key wildlife host for tuberculosis (TB) in central and southwestern Spain, posing a challenge to TB eradication in livestock. New strategies, including the use of beneficial microbes, are being explored to mitigate wildlife diseases. This study evaluated the effect of oral supplementation with postbiotic antimycobacterial metabolites produced using Ingulados' lactic acid bacteria (LAB) collection on TB development in wild boar. A total of 20 game estates in mid-western Spain were divided into two groups: one fed with standard feed containing the postbiotic product and a control group fed without postbiotics. Data were collected from wild boar during hunting events pre- and post-supplementation. The presence of TB-like lesions (TBLLs), lesion severity and seropositivity against Mycobacterium bovis were assessed. Postbiotic supplementation led to a 36.87% reduction in TBLLs and a 35.94% decrease in seropositivity. Notably, young wild boar showed a 64.72% reduction in TBLLs and an 81.80% drop in seropositivity, suggesting reduced transmission. These findings support the potential of postbiotics as a safe, feasible and sustainable tool to control TB in wild boar, offering a promising addition to broader TB eradication efforts.