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Antibacterial and Anti-Influenza Activities of N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Gold Complexes
Michele Pellegrino1, Paola Checconi2,3, Jessica Ceramella1
1Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
Background/Objectives:
Infectious diseases represent a serious threat due to rising antimicrobial resistance, particularly among multidrug-resistant bacteria and influenza viruses. Metal-based complexes, such as N-heterocyclic carbene-gold (NHC-gold) complexes, show promising therapeutic potential due to their ability to inhibit various pathogens.
Methods:
Eight NHC-gold complexes were synthesized and tested for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and for anti-influenza activity in lung and bronchial epithelial cells infected with influenza virus A/H1N1. Antibacterial activity was assessed through the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), while the viral load was quantified using qRT-PCR.
Results:
Complexes 3, 4, and 6 showed significant antibacterial activity at concentrations of 10-20 µg/mL. Additionally, these complexes significantly reduced viral load, with complexes 3 and 4 markedly inhibiting replication.
Conclusions:
These findings support the potential use of NHC-gold complexes in combined antimicrobial and antiviral therapies, representing an attractive option for fighting resistant infections.
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