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From Structure to Function: How Prebiotic Diversity Shapes Gut Integrity and Immune Balance.

Lucas de Freitas Pedrosa1,2, Paul de Vos2, João Paulo Fabi1,3,4,5

  • 1Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil.

Nutrients
|January 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prebiotics, like FOS and inulin, help restore gut microbiota balance and reduce inflammation. These compounds support a healthy gut barrier, preventing diseases linked to microbial dysbiosis.

Keywords:
dysbiosisinflammationmicrobiotapolysaccharidesprebiotics

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Microbiota stability, diversity, and composition are crucial for host-microbe symbiosis.
  • Microbial dysbiosis, an imbalance in gut bacteria, predisposes individuals to inflammation, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cancer.
  • Intestinal barrier dysfunction and subsequent inflammation are key factors in dysbiosis-related diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the different types of prebiotics.
  • To describe the influence and functionalities of prebiotics for health.
  • To focus on the ability of prebiotics to reduce and control inflammation in the intestinal epithelial barrier, gut, and systemic environments.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on prebiotics and gut health.
  • Analysis of prebiotic structures and fermentation properties.
  • Examination of prebiotic interactions with intestinal epithelial and immune cells.

Main Results:

  • Prebiotics act as substrates for beneficial gut microorganisms, promoting homeostasis.
  • Specific prebiotics, such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and inulin, are effective in restoring microbial balance.
  • Certain prebiotic nondigestible carbohydrates can directly inhibit or decrease inflammatory responses in the gut.

Conclusions:

  • Prebiotics are instrumental in preventing and correcting microbial dysbiosis.
  • Effective prebiotic interventions can restore intestinal homeostasis and support a healthy gut barrier.
  • Prebiotics offer a promising strategy for managing inflammation and preventing associated diseases.