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Fast-Swelling Tamarind Xyloglucan/PVA Hydrogels with Interconnected Macroporous Structures for Biomedical

Umpornpan Ninjumrat1, Piyachat Chuysinuan2, Thitirat Inprasit1

  • 1Department of Materials and Textile Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand.

Polymers
|January 8, 2025
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Summary

This study developed fast-swelling hydrogels from poly(vinyl alcohol) and tamarind xyloglucan, enhancing swelling and porosity for biomedical applications like drug delivery and wound dressings.

Keywords:
biocompatible polymercapillary actionfast swellingfreeze-dryinghemicellulosehydrogelpoly(vinyl alcohol)polysaccharidetamarind xyloglucan

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • Tamarind xyloglucan (XG) is abundant and non-toxic but has poor mechanical properties.
  • Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a versatile polymer with good film-forming properties.
  • Developing novel hydrogels with improved properties is crucial for advanced biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prepare and characterize fast-swelling hydrogels using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and tamarind xyloglucan (XG).
  • To investigate the effect of XG incorporation and citric acid (CA) crosslinking on hydrogel structure, swelling, porosity, and mechanical properties.
  • To evaluate the suitability of these hydrogels for biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Hydrogels were synthesized by mixing PVA and XG, followed by crosslinking with citric acid (CA).
  • Freeze-drying was employed to create an interconnected macroporous structure.
  • Swelling ratio, porosity, compression resistance, and gel fraction were measured to characterize the hydrogels.

Main Results:

  • The addition of 25% XG significantly improved the swelling ratio (533.33%) and porosity (66.49%) compared to crosslinked PVA alone.
  • While XG reduced structural order and compression resistance, CA crosslinking enhanced mechanical strength.
  • All hydrogels exhibited rapid swelling, reaching equilibrium within 10 seconds due to their macroporous structure.

Conclusions:

  • The developed PVA/XG hydrogels are non-cytotoxic and possess excellent swelling properties.
  • The interconnected macroporous structure facilitates rapid water uptake via capillary action.
  • These fast-swelling, non-cytotoxic hydrogels show significant promise for drug delivery, wound dressings, and hygienic products.