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Enhancing Intelligent Shoes with Gait Analysis: A Review on the Spatiotemporal Estimation Techniques
Anna M Joseph1, Azadeh Kian1, Rezaul Begg1
1Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 8, 2025
Summary
Wearable sensors in smart shoes enable real-world gait analysis by tracking foot movements. Advanced techniques correct errors for accurate 3D foot trajectory and mobility assessments outside the lab.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Wearable Technology
- Sensor Data Analysis
Background:
- Gait analysis has moved from labs to real-world settings using wearable sensors.
- Smart shoes with Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) capture detailed foot movements and gait characteristics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review literature on shoe-based IMU systems for gait analysis.
- To explore challenges and advancements in 3D foot trajectory estimation.
- To assess real-time gait assessment in everyday environments.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of shoe-based IMU systems.
- Analysis of techniques for 3D foot trajectory estimation.
- Examination of error correction methods like zero-velocity updates.
Main Results:
- IMUs in smart shoes enable detailed gait analysis.
- Drift errors in IMUs require robust correction techniques.
- Advanced methods improve accuracy of foot trajectory and foot-ground clearance estimation.
Conclusions:
- Shoe-based IMU systems offer reliable real-time gait assessment.
- Accurate 3D foot trajectory estimation is achievable with advanced techniques.
- This technology expands gait analysis applications to everyday environments.
