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Towards an Accurate Real-Time Digital Elevation Model Using Various GNSS Techniques
Mohamed Abdelazeem1,2, Amgad Abazeed3, Hussain A Kamal2
1Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
This study demonstrates real-time digital elevation model (DEM) generation using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data. Real-time kinematics (RTK) achieved the highest accuracy for both positioning and DEM creation.
Area of Science:
- Geomatics Engineering
- Geodesy
- Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Background:
- Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are crucial for various geospatial applications.
- Real-time kinematic positioning offers potential for rapid DEM generation.
- Evaluating different Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) processing strategies is essential for accuracy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To generate a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) in a real-time domain.
- To compare the accuracy of real-time precise point positioning (RT-PPP), real-time kinematics (RTK), and post-processed precise point positioning (PPP) for DEM generation.
- To validate proposed models for kinematic positioning and DEM accuracies.
Main Methods:
- Acquiring GNSS measurements from a kinematic trajectory in New Aswan City, Egypt.
- Employing real-time precise point positioning (RT-PPP) using Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) instantaneous products, real-time kinematics (RTK), and post-processed precise point positioning (PPP).
- Comparing positioning estimates with traditional kinematic differential GNSS solutions and validating DEM accuracies.
Main Results:
- Kinematic positioning accuracies were 0.480 m for RT-PPP, 0.101 m for RTK, and 0.628 m for PPP.
- DEM accuracies were 0.249 m for RT-PPP, 0.005 m for RTK, and 0.264 m for PPP.
- RTK demonstrated superior performance in both kinematic positioning and DEM accuracy.
Conclusions:
- Real-time kinematic (RTK) processing provides the highest accuracy for DEM generation compared to RT-PPP and PPP.
- The study validates the feasibility of real-time DEM production using GNSS data.
- Accurate DEMs can be generated in near real-time, enhancing geospatial data acquisition.
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