Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

5.4K
Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
5.4K
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

1.7K
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
1.7K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

2.1K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Thymine Dimer Stalls a High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase by Providing No Template Information in the Same Manner as an Abasic Site.

Biochemistry·2026
Same author

Epstein-Barr Virus Encoded lncRNAs Control the Viral Lytic Switch.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

The role of dentists in promoting human papillomavirus vaccination for oropharyngeal cancer prevention: A cross-sectional survey of dentists in North Carolina.

Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)·2025
Same author

Human cytomegalovirus infection coopts chromatin organization to diminish TEAD1 transcription factor activity.

eLife·2025
Same author

Mechanisms of AAV neutralization by human alpha-defensins.

PLoS pathogens·2025
Same author

Post-translational modifications on protein VII are important during the early stages of adenovirus infection.

Journal of virology·2025
Same journal

Correction: Bulatov et al. Camelpox Virus in Western Kazakhstan: Assessment of the Role of Local Fauna as Reservoirs of Infection. <i>Viruses</i> 2024, <i>16</i>, 1626.

Viruses·2026
Same journal

Correction: Franco et al. Whole Blood Volume-Based Absolute Quantification of HTLV-1 Proviral Load: A Comparative Method Evaluation Study. <i>Viruses</i> 2026, <i>18</i>, 580.

Viruses·2026
Same journal

Correction: Medkour et al. Adenovirus Infections in African Humans and Wild Non-Human Primates: Great Diversity and Cross-Species Transmission. <i>Viruses</i> 2020, <i>12</i>, 657.

Viruses·2026
Same journal

Burden of Malaria and Dengue Across Global, Asian, and Chinese Populations Based on GBD 2021 Data: A Quantitative Assessment of Importation Risks to China.

Viruses·2026
Same journal

First Report of <i>Orthonairovirus songlingense</i> in <i>Haemaphysalis concinna</i> Ticks from Russia.

Viruses·2026
Same journal

Epidemiological and Virological Characteristics of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus in Jiangsu Province, China, 2024.

Viruses·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation
15:33

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation

Published on: August 13, 2013

15.8K

CD46 Is a Protein Receptor for Human Adenovirus Type 64.

Eugene Y Wu1, Alexander M Robertson1, Hanglin Henry Zhu1

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, USA.

Viruses
|January 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human adenovirus D64 (HAdV-D64) uses CD46 and sialic acid as receptors for cell entry, similar to HAdV-D37. Blocking this interaction may prevent HAdV-D64-associated eye infections.

Keywords:
CD46adenovirusepidemic keratoconjunctivitismembrane cofactor proteinreceptor

More Related Videos

Utilizing the Antigen Capsid-Incorporation Strategy for the Development of Adenovirus Serotype 5-Vectored Vaccine Approaches
13:36

Utilizing the Antigen Capsid-Incorporation Strategy for the Development of Adenovirus Serotype 5-Vectored Vaccine Approaches

Published on: May 6, 2015

10.4K
Combined Genetic and Chemical Capsid Modifications of Adenovirus-Based Gene Transfer Vectors for Shielding and Targeting
08:14

Combined Genetic and Chemical Capsid Modifications of Adenovirus-Based Gene Transfer Vectors for Shielding and Targeting

Published on: October 26, 2018

8.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 4, 2026

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation
15:33

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation

Published on: August 13, 2013

15.8K
Utilizing the Antigen Capsid-Incorporation Strategy for the Development of Adenovirus Serotype 5-Vectored Vaccine Approaches
13:36

Utilizing the Antigen Capsid-Incorporation Strategy for the Development of Adenovirus Serotype 5-Vectored Vaccine Approaches

Published on: May 6, 2015

10.4K
Combined Genetic and Chemical Capsid Modifications of Adenovirus-Based Gene Transfer Vectors for Shielding and Targeting
08:14

Combined Genetic and Chemical Capsid Modifications of Adenovirus-Based Gene Transfer Vectors for Shielding and Targeting

Published on: October 26, 2018

8.3K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Certain human adenovirus D species (HAdV-D19, -D37, -D64) cause epidemic keratoconjunctivitis.
  • HAdV-D37 utilizes CD46 (membrane cofactor protein) and sialic acid as cellular receptors.
  • HAdV-D64 shares genetic similarity with HAdV-D37 but differs in key capsid proteins due to recombination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cellular receptors used by HAdV-D64 for viral entry.
  • To determine if CD46 and sialic acid function as receptors for HAdV-D64.
  • To explore the potential of HAdV-D64 for gene delivery and therapeutic interventions in ocular diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Binding assays to assess HAdV-D64 interaction with CD46 and sialic acid.
  • Cell culture experiments using CD46-expressing and CD46-negative cells.
  • Inhibition studies blocking HAdV-D64 binding to CD46.
  • Analysis of CD46 expression on human conjunctival epithelial cells.

Main Results:

  • HAdV-D64 virions bind directly to CD46, functioning as a receptor.
  • CD46 and sialic acid serve as adhesion receptors for HAdV-D64 on various cell types.
  • Expression of CD46 confers susceptibility to HAdV-D64 entry in CD46-negative cells.
  • Blocking HAdV-D64-CD46 interaction significantly inhibits viral entry and gene delivery.
  • CD46 is expressed on human conjunctival epithelial cells and binds HAdV-D64.

Conclusions:

  • HAdV-D64 utilizes CD46 and sialic acid as key receptors for cellular entry.
  • CD46 expression on conjunctival cells suggests a role in HAdV-D64 ocular infections.
  • Targeting the HAdV-D64-CD46 interaction offers a potential strategy for preventing or treating adenovirus-associated ocular diseases.
  • HAdV-D64 holds potential for targeted gene delivery to conjunctival cells.