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Exploring Sexual Harassment in Agriculture From a Socio-Ecological Perspective: A Scoping Review
Jody Oomen Early1,2, Vanessa Lani Gordon-Dseagu3, Victoria Breckwich Vásquez1,2
1University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA, USA.
Health Promotion Practice
|January 8, 2025
Summary
Workplace sexual harassment in agriculture is a serious occupational safety issue. Addressing it requires understanding contributing factors like gender inequity and policy gaps, using a social-ecological approach.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health and Safety
- Sociology of Work
- Agricultural Studies
Background:
- Workplace sexual harassment (WSH) is prevalent in agriculture but often overlooked.
- This issue impacts agricultural workers' health and safety significantly.
- Existing research often lacks a comprehensive framework for understanding contributing factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review of literature on workplace sexual harassment in agriculture.
- To examine contributing and protective factors using the social-ecological model.
- To inform interventions, policy, and future research on WSH in the agricultural sector.
Main Methods:
- Scoping review utilizing Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocols.
- Searched eight databases for peer-reviewed, empirical, and nonempirical articles on sexual harassment and agriculture.
- Included 20 articles from an initial search of 93, with most studies being qualitative.
Main Results:
- Identified numerous contributing factors: harmful gender beliefs, inequity, hierarchy, poverty, precarious immigration status, language barriers, permissive climate, fear of retaliation, and lack of policies.
- Highlighted a lack of legal protections for agricultural workers at state and federal levels.
- Found that most studies were qualitative and exploratory.
Conclusions:
- The social-ecological model provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and preventing WSH in agriculture.
- Advocacy and policy reform are crucial due to inadequate legal protections.
- More empirical and longitudinal research is needed to develop effective, comprehensive solutions for agricultural workers facing WSH.
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