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Glycemia Risk Index is Associated With Risk of Albuminuria Among Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes.

Ji Yoon Kim1, Jee Hee Yoo2,3, Nam Hoon Kim4

  • 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
|January 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The glycemia risk index (GRI), a continuous glucose monitoring metric, is linked to albuminuria risk in type 1 diabetes. Higher GRI scores, particularly from hyperglycemia, indicate increased risk, independent of HbA1c levels.

Keywords:
albuminuriacontinuous glucose monitoringglycemia risk indexmicrovascular complicationstype 1 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Albuminuria is a key indicator of kidney damage in diabetes.
  • Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) provides comprehensive glycemic data.
  • The glycemia risk index (GRI) is a novel metric assessing glucose variability and extremes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between the glycemia risk index (GRI) and albuminuria risk in type 1 diabetes.
  • To determine if GRI components (hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia) independently predict albuminuria.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 90-day CGM data from 330 individuals with type 1 diabetes.
  • Classification of GRI into five risk zones (A-E).
  • Logistic regression to assess the association of GRI and its components with albuminuria, adjusting for confounders.

Main Results:

  • Albuminuria prevalence varied significantly across GRI zones (P = .023).
  • Increased GRI zone was associated with higher albuminuria odds (adjusted OR 1.70).
  • The hyperglycemia component of GRI showed a significant association with albuminuria (adjusted OR 1.44), even after adjusting for HbA1c.

Conclusions:

  • The glycemia risk index (GRI) is a significant predictor of albuminuria in type 1 diabetes.
  • Hyperglycemia, as captured by GRI, is a key driver of this association.
  • GRI offers valuable insights into diabetes-related complications beyond traditional metrics like HbA1c.