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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
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Burn Injuries01:22

Burn Injuries

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Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA
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Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA

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Sport-Related Cutaneous Infections: A Narrative Review.

Breanna N Santoso1, Abraham M Korman2, Mark A Bechtel3

  • 1Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Dublin, Ohio.

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine : Official Journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine
|January 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Combat athletes face risks from bacterial and viral skin infections, exacerbated by antimicrobial resistance. Updated treatment strategies are crucial for managing resistant Staphylococcus aureus and dermatophyte infections effectively.

Keywords:
MRSAcombat athletescutaneous infectionsdermatologyfolliculitisimpetigotinea

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Sports Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Bacterial and viral skin infections are prevalent in combat athletes, leading to significant training and competition time loss.
  • Increasing antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and dermatophytes complicates standard treatment protocols.
  • Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a growing cause of impetigo, folliculitis, and cellulitis, requiring specific management.
  • The rise of tinea incognito and terbinafine-resistant Trichophyton tonsurans presents challenges in treating fungal infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the risks and challenges of managing bacterial and viral cutaneous infections in combat athletes.
  • To emphasize the need for updated treatment recommendations due to rising antimicrobial resistance.
  • To address the specific difficulties posed by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and resistant dermatophytes.
  • To underscore the importance of adjusted treatment guidelines for athletes undergoing weight cycling or rapid weight loss.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on cutaneous infections in athletes.
  • Analysis of the prevalence and resistance patterns of key pathogens like MRSA and T. tonsurans.
  • Examination of treatment strategies for common bacterial and fungal infections in sports settings.
  • Consideration of factors influencing treatment, such as weight cycling in athletes.

Main Results:

  • Standard antimicrobials may be insufficient due to widespread resistance.
  • MRSA is a frequent cause of common skin infections in this population.
  • Dermatophyte infections are increasingly difficult to treat due to resistance to standard antifungals like terbinafine.
  • Athletes engaging in weight cycling require specialized treatment considerations.

Conclusions:

  • Updated treatment guidelines are essential for effectively managing resistant bacterial and fungal skin infections in combat athletes.
  • Correct management of MRSA is critical for eradicating infections like impetigo, folliculitis, and cellulitis.
  • Addressing terbinafine-resistant T. tonsurans and tinea incognito requires revised therapeutic approaches.
  • Further research and adjusted protocols are needed for athletes with specific physiological challenges like weight cycling.