Burning mouth syndrome - known and unknown

Area of Science:

• Oral Medicine
• Dermatology
• Neurology

Background:

• Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a complex oral disorder characterized by a burning sensation in the absence of identifiable lesions.
• The etiology and pathogenesis of BMS remain poorly understood, posing challenges for diagnosis and treatment.
• Existing research encompasses etiological factors, clinical presentations, laboratory findings, and various treatment modalities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a concise overview of the scientific literature on burning mouth syndrome.
• To synthesize information regarding the potential causes, symptoms, and treatment strategies for BMS.
• To identify gaps in current research and suggest future directions.

Main Methods:

• A literature review was conducted, including review articles, original studies, and dissertations.
• Keywords related to etiological factors, clinical and laboratory findings, and treatment protocols were used for information retrieval.
• Fifty-three studies focusing on dental and general health in patients with burning mouth sensations were compiled and analyzed.

Main Results:

• The review compiled data on potential etiological factors, symptoms, and treatments for burning mouth syndrome.
• Despite extensive efforts, the precise etiology and pathogenesis of BMS remain largely unclear.
• A significant number of studies highlight the need for further investigation into this condition.

Conclusions:

• The current understanding of burning mouth syndrome's etiology and pathogenesis is insufficient.
• Further research involving larger patient cohorts and long-term therapeutic monitoring is essential.
• Improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for BMS require continued scientific inquiry.