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Attention dysfunction and psychopathology in college men.

M S Buchsbaum, R J Haier, A J Sostek

    Archives of General Psychiatry
    |April 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Attention dysfunction in college men is linked to hyperactivity, not other psychopathology. Poor performance on the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) correlated with childhood and adult hyperactivity symptoms.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychology
    • Psychiatry

    Background:

    • Vigilance and attention are crucial cognitive functions.
    • Attention deficits are associated with various psychiatric and cognitive conditions.
    • The Continuous Performance Test (CPT) is a standard measure of vigilance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the characteristics of individuals with significant attention dysfunction.
    • To compare attentionally impaired individuals with their high-attending peers on measures of psychopathology, cognition, and psycho-physiology.
    • To determine the relationship between attentional dysfunction and hyperactivity versus other forms of psychopathology.

    Main Methods:

    • Screened 400 college men using the Continuous Performance Test (CPT).

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  • Selected the top 5% (good attention) and bottom 5% (poor attention) for further comparison.
  • Administered measures of psychiatric disturbance (Research Diagnostic Criteria, MMPI), cognition (WAIS subtests, Stroop test), and psycho-physiology (reaction time, evoked potentials).

    • Main Results:

    • The poor attention group (lower 5% on CPT) exhibited higher rates of childhood and adult hyperactivity symptoms.
    • No significant differences in other psychopathology were found between the groups.
    • Cognitive assessments revealed significant differences, supporting an attention dysfunction syndrome in the lower CPT group.

    Conclusions:

    • Attentional dysfunction in young adults is more strongly associated with hyperactivity than with other current psychopathology.
    • These findings suggest a specific link between attention deficits and hyperactivity.
    • The study substantiates an attention dysfunction syndrome with distinct cognitive and behavioral correlates.