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Aortic Unicuspid Valve Surgery in a Young Patient: A Case Report
Tomohiro Nakajima1, Tsuyoshi Shibata1, Yutaka Iba1
1Cardiovascular Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, JPN.
Cureus
|January 8, 2025
Summary
This case report details a rare unicuspid aortic valve in a 33-year-old male, treated successfully with aortic valve replacement. Long-term follow-up shows the patient remains asymptomatic, highlighting effective surgical management.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Congenital Heart Disease
- Cardiac Surgery
Background:
- Unicuspid aortic valve (UAV) is a rare congenital heart defect.
- Patients may remain asymptomatic until adulthood, presenting with aortic stenosis or regurgitation.
Observation:
- A 33-year-old male with a childhood history of aortic valve murmur and balloon valvuloplasty presented with exertional dyspnea.
- Echocardiography revealed moderate aortic regurgitation and stenosis, with suspected unicuspid aortic valve morphology.
Findings:
- Intraoperative inspection confirmed a unicuspid aortic valve.
- The valve was successfully excised and replaced with a 25 mm mechanical valve (St. Jude Medical).
- The patient experienced an uneventful postoperative recovery and was discharged on day 10.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of long-term follow-up for congenital aortic valve anomalies.
- Surgical intervention with aortic valve replacement can lead to excellent long-term outcomes in carefully selected patients with unicuspid aortic valve.
- This report contributes valuable clinical insights into the management of rare unicuspid aortic valve disease.
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