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Vestigial human tail and occult spinal dysraphism: A case report
Walter Fagundes1, Isabella Rabelo Faria1, Rodrigo Martins Pereira1
1Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.
A human tail, or caudal appendage, can indicate hidden spinal issues. Early MRI and neurological exams are crucial for diagnosing associated occult spinal dysraphism.
Area of Science:
- Developmental biology
- Pediatric neurology
- Surgical pathology
Background:
- Human tails, or caudal appendages, are rare embryonic remnants that can be vestigial or pseudotails.
- Both types of caudal appendages may signify underlying intraspinal abnormalities.
Observation:
- A 5-year-old girl presented with a lumbar caudal appendage and normal neurological status.
- Spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed occult spinal dysraphism linked to a lipomatous cutaneous appendage.
Findings:
- Surgical excision of the lesion and exploration of the spinal dysraphism were performed.
- Histopathology confirmed mature adipose tissue with vascular and neural components, lacking bone or cartilage.
Implications:
- Tail-like appendages in the lumbosacral area warrant investigation for occult spinal dysraphism.
- Comprehensive preoperative evaluation, including neurological examination and MRI, is essential.
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