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Protocol for Microplastics Sampling on the Sea Surface and Sample Analysis
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Patterns and trends in marine microplastics density distributions using a long-term, global, field database.

Lonneke Goddijn-Murphy1, David Woolf2, Neil A James1

  • 1Environmental Research Institute, University of the Highlands and Islands, Thurso, UK.

Marine Pollution Bulletin
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PubMed
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Global microplastic density has doubled annually, with significant regional differences. Marine microplastic levels correlate with precipitation and climate oscillations like ENSO and PDO, impacting ocean ecosystems.

Keywords:
ClimateENSONAOPDOPlasticsPollutionPolymer particles

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Oceanography
  • Climate Science

Background:

  • Microplastic pollution is a growing global concern, impacting marine ecosystems.
  • Understanding the spatial distribution and temporal trends of microplastics is crucial for effective mitigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the global microplastic particle density distribution from 1972 to 2022.
  • To investigate correlations between microplastic density and climate variables.
  • To create spatially interpolated maps of global marine microplastic density.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized NOAA NCEI global marine microplastics database (1972-2022).
  • Resampled and gridded microplastic density data (1° × 1°).
  • Applied ordinary block kriging for spatial interpolation.
  • Integrated climate data from Copernicus Climate Change Service.

Main Results:

  • Global microplastic particle density approximately doubled each decade.
  • Density shows strong correlation with global precipitation and seasonal variations, particularly in the North Pacific.
  • North Pacific microplastic density linked to El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) indices, and inversely to North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO).

Conclusions:

  • Microplastic pollution is increasing globally, with regional variations influenced by climate patterns.
  • Developed microplastic density maps can aid satellite algorithm validation and impact assessments.
  • Findings highlight the need to consider climate change impacts on marine plastic pollution.