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Soil aggregation alterations under soil microplastic and biochar addition and aging process.

Haixiao Li1, Longyuan Yang1, Chenghui Luo1

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Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
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Soil microplastics (MPs) harm soil aggregation, with effects worsening as MPs age. Biochar addition unexpectedly amplified negative impacts on certain soil aggregate sizes.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Soil Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Soil microplastics (MPs) pose a significant threat to soil health, primarily by disrupting soil aggregation.
  • The aging process of MPs in soil can alter their long-term effects on soil structure and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of microplastics and their aging on soil aggregation.
  • To evaluate the combined effects of microplastics and biochar on soil aggregation.

Main Methods:

  • An eight-month soil incubation experiment was conducted.
  • Factorial design included 1% polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) MPs, and 5-mm biochar.
  • Six treatment groups: CK (control), PE, PP, Biochar, PE + biochar, PP + biochar.

Main Results:

  • MP and biochar aging was confirmed by surface oxygen-containing functional groups.
  • PE MPs significantly reduced 0.5-1 mm (21%) and >2 mm (77%) aggregate fractions, with effects intensifying upon aging.
  • Biochar exacerbated MP-induced negative impacts on 0.25-0.5 mm aggregates (11% decrease with PE MPs).

Conclusions:

  • Microplastic aging intensifies negative impacts on soil aggregation.
  • Biochar's effect on mitigating MP damage to soil aggregation is aggregate-size dependent.
  • Soil health management strategies must consider MP aging and interactions with soil amendments like biochar.