Effectiveness of 4-dimensional maximum intensity projection (4D-MIP) for respiratory motion management with uncertain...

This study was conducted to evaluate the use of 4-dimensional (4D) maximum intensity projection (4D-MIP) to compensate for the disadvantages of average intensity projection (AIP), which is used to determine the internal target volume (ITV) in lung tumors. A respiratory motion phantom with a simulated tumor was imaged using 4D computed tomography (4D-CT). AIP and 4D-MIP were generated based on 10 phases of 4D-CT, followed by contouring of the ITV_AIP and ITV_MIP; these were compared with the ITV contoured in 10 phases of 4D-CT (ITV₁₀). Additionally, the profile curves of the ITV_AIP and ITV_MIP were obtained, and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) was measured. There was no significant difference between the ITV₁₀ and ITV_MIP; however, the ITV_AIP demonstrated a lower value. The FWHM values of the ITV_AIP were smaller than those of ITV_MIP owing to decreased CT values in the superior-inferior margin. 4D-MIP may contribute to improving the consistency of the ITV delineation.