The Exosome and its Application in Skin Wound Healing: A Systematic Review on In vitro Studies

Wound healing is a complex procedure frequently delayed in patients with underlying chronic conditions. Despite essential advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, wound healing remains challenging, warranting novel methods for promoting wound healing. It has been demonstrated that exosomes are one of the main secretory products of different cell types, such as Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), for regulating various biological processes, including wound healing. Henceforth, understanding these exosome effects might assist in improving wound management and highlight a novel therapeutic model for cellfree therapies with reduced side effects for repairing wounds.

This systematic review involved conducting research electronically on scholarly scientific databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus. Eligibility checks were performed based on predefined selection criteria. Finally, thirty-nine studies were considered.

Exosomes have been indicated to use multitargeted pathways to improve wound healing by modulating numerous dysregulated signaling cascades involved in cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, metastasis, apoptosis, and angiogenesis.

The outcome of this review might guide pre-clinical and clinical studies on the role of exosomes in skin wound healing.