Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

13.1K
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
13.1K
Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

7.3K
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome...
7.3K
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

3.5K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
3.5K
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

8.0K
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
8.0K
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

6.0K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.0K
Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

11.2K
The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can...
11.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Yeast Molecular Display for the Screening and Production of Immunological Proteins Using Nanobody as an Example.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same author

Detection of H5 subtype avian influenza virus in avian oropharyngeal swab samples using a microfluidic non-competitive fluorescence polarization immunoassay.

The Analyst·2026
Same author

The Effect of Protein Tagging on Aggregation and Phase Separation.

Journal of cellular biochemistry·2026
Same author

Structural insights into YheS-mediated release of SecM-arrested ribosome.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Mechanically stable high-sensitivity Rheo-NMR spectroscopy for real-time monitoring of shear-induced phase transitions.

Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)·2026
Same author

Size of Biomolecular Condensates Dictates Fate in Liquid-Solid Phase Transitions through Amorphous-Amyloid Competition.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Isolation of Translating Ribosomes Containing Peptidyl-tRNAs for Functional and Structural Analyses
11:19

Isolation of Translating Ribosomes Containing Peptidyl-tRNAs for Functional and Structural Analyses

Published on: February 25, 2011

19.8K

Autonomous ribosome biogenesis in vitro.

Yuishin Kosaka1,2, Yumi Miyawaki1, Megumi Mori1

  • 1Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Nature Communications
|January 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists achieved ribosome biogenesis in vitro, enabling the autonomous synthesis of ribosomal subunits. This breakthrough advances understanding of life's self-replication and artificial cell creation.

More Related Videos

Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA
10:15

Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA

Published on: July 6, 2012

16.3K
In Vitro Biochemical Assays using Biotin Labels to Study Protein-Nucleic Acid Interactions
08:14

In Vitro Biochemical Assays using Biotin Labels to Study Protein-Nucleic Acid Interactions

Published on: July 17, 2019

12.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Isolation of Translating Ribosomes Containing Peptidyl-tRNAs for Functional and Structural Analyses
11:19

Isolation of Translating Ribosomes Containing Peptidyl-tRNAs for Functional and Structural Analyses

Published on: February 25, 2011

19.8K
Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA
10:15

Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA

Published on: July 6, 2012

16.3K
In Vitro Biochemical Assays using Biotin Labels to Study Protein-Nucleic Acid Interactions
08:14

In Vitro Biochemical Assays using Biotin Labels to Study Protein-Nucleic Acid Interactions

Published on: July 17, 2019

12.6K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Synthetic Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Ribosome biogenesis is essential for cellular self-replication.
  • In vitro reconstruction of ribosome biogenesis is complex and has not been achieved.
  • Understanding this process is key to creating artificial cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To achieve ribosome biogenesis in vitro.
  • To develop a method for exploring reaction conditions for ribosome synthesis.
  • To advance the creation of artificial cells.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a specific and sensitive reporter assay for nascent ribosomes.
  • Utilized the assay for combinatorial and iterative optimization of reaction conditions.
  • Performed simultaneous synthesis of ribosomal subunits in a single reaction space.

Main Results:

  • Successfully achieved in vitro ribosome biogenesis.
  • Demonstrated autonomous synthesis of both small and large ribosomal subunits.
  • Enabled transcription, translation, processing, and assembly in one reaction.

Conclusions:

  • This study represents a significant advancement in understanding life's self-replication.
  • The in vitro system is a crucial step toward creating artificial cells.
  • Further research can build upon this foundation for synthetic biology applications.