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Related Concept Videos

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development
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Maternal high-fat diet programs offspring airway hyperinnervation and hyperresponsiveness.

Kayla R Williams, Hoyt Atk Bright, Allison D Fryer

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    Maternal obesity from a high-fat diet can lead to metabolic dysfunction and airway hyperresponsiveness in offspring. This study highlights how maternal diet impacts offspring asthma risk.

    Keywords:
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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Developmental Biology
    • Respiratory Medicine

    Background:

    • Maternal obesity is a growing global health concern.
    • The impact of maternal diet on offspring respiratory health, particularly asthma, is not fully understood.
    • Genetic diversity in offspring may influence susceptibility to diet-induced effects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of diet-induced maternal obesity on offspring airway hyperresponsiveness.
    • To explore the underlying mechanisms linking maternal diet to offspring respiratory dysfunction.
    • To utilize a mouse model that reflects human genetic diversity.

    Main Methods:

    • Female mice were fed high-fat or regular diets before and during pregnancy and lactation.
    • Offspring were fed a regular diet post-weaning.
    • Airway hyperresponsiveness, body weight, fat mass, metabolic parameters, and airway innervation were assessed at various time points.

    Main Results:

    • Offspring of dams fed a high-fat diet exhibited increased body weight, fat mass, metabolic dysfunction, and hyperinsulinemia.
    • These offspring showed increased airway epithelial sensory innervation and bronchoconstriction.
    • Bronchoconstriction was mediated by nerves and could be blocked by vagotomy or atropine, indicating a reflex-mediated response.

    Conclusions:

    • Diet-induced maternal obesity, particularly before pregnancy, significantly impacts offspring airway physiology.
    • Maternal metabolic dysfunction and hyperinsulinemia contribute to offspring hyperinnervation and airway hyperresponsiveness.
    • These findings offer insights into asthma inheritance and the role of maternal environment in genetically diverse populations.