Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hydraulic Jump01:29

Hydraulic Jump

55
A hydraulic jump is a sudden rise in fluid depth in open channels, occurring when high-velocity (supercritical) flow transitions to low-velocity (subcritical) flow. This phenomenon requires an upstream Froude number greater than 1, as flows with Fr1<1 remain subcritical, making a hydraulic jump impossible due to the need for negative head loss, which violates thermodynamic principles.The characteristics of a hydraulic jump depend on the upstream Froude number and are classified as...
55
Hydraulic Jump: Problem Solving01:16

Hydraulic Jump: Problem Solving

50
To analyze a hydraulic jump in a rectangular channel with a flow speed of 6 meters per second, follow these steps:Calculate Effective Upstream Velocity:When the downstream gate closes, a hydraulic jump forms, traveling upstream at 2 meters per second. This wave speed combines with the initial channel flow velocity, creating an effective upstream velocity.Identify Flow Velocities Before and After the Hydraulic Jump:Upstream of the hydraulic jump, the effective flow velocity includes both the...
50
Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface01:04

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface

1.3K
Hydrostatic pressure on curved surfaces is a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics with broad applications in the civil engineering field. When fluid is in contact with a curved surface, as in a reservoir, dam, or storage tank, it exerts pressure that varies in magnitude and direction along the curved surface. To assess the total hydrostatic force exerted by the fluid on a curved structure, engineers typically isolate the fluid volume adjacent to the surface and analyze the forces acting on...
1.3K
Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest01:11

Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest

211
In a fluid at rest, the pressure at any point beneath the fluid surface depends solely on the depth, not on the container's shape or size. This principle, known as hydrostatic pressure, arises because, in stationary fluids, there is no acceleration, meaning the forces within the fluid balance out. Only vertical forces, caused by the weight of the fluid above, contribute to pressure changes with depth.
When measuring pressure at two different levels within the fluid, the difference in...
211
Types of Damping01:20

Types of Damping

6.4K
If the amount of damping in a system is gradually increased, the period and frequency start to become affected because damping opposes, and hence slows, the back and forth motion (the net force is smaller in both directions). If there is a very large amount of damping, the system does not even oscillate; instead, it slowly moves toward equilibrium. In brief, an overdamped system moves slowly towards equilibrium, whereas an underdamped system moves quickly to equilibrium but will oscillate about...
6.4K
Capillarity in Fluid01:19

Capillarity in Fluid

116
Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
Surface tension is crucial to capillarity. It results from cohesive forces between liquid molecules at the liquid-air boundary, forming a skin that resists external forces. When the capillary tube...
116

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Exploring the terahertz absorption spectra of aqueous guanidinium chloride solutions using polarizable models for water and the salt.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Microscopic Characteristics of Acetonitrile-Water Mixtures on α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(0001) Surface: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Evaporation of short-chain alcohols of methanol, ethanol, and propanol: Mechanism, kinetics, and potential of mean force calculations at room temperature.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Osmolyte mediated modulation of liquid-vapor interfacial water dynamics: A theoretical two-dimensional vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopic study of aqueous mixtures of trimethylamine N-oxide and urea.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Spectral diffusion in glycerol-water mixtures from theoretical two dimensional infrared spectroscopy: varying effects of concentration for different solvation environments.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Unusual variants of trichilemmal tumors - Report of two cases with review of literature.

Indian journal of pathology & microbiology·2026
Same journal

Donor-Acceptor Separation Augments Temperature Dependence of Kinetic Isotope Effects in NADH Model Hydride Transfer Reactions: Mimicking Enzyme versus Mutant Dynamics.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same journal

Disordered Worm-Like Clusters in a Hexagonal Mesophase Former: Simulation and Thermodynamic Description.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same journal

Comparative Biophysical Analysis of Healthy and Inflamed Intestinal Membrane Models Using Langmuir Monolayers.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same journal

Phosphoserine Charge State Drives Ion Condensation and Spatial Polyamine Presentation in Multirepeat Silaffin.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same journal

pH-Dependent Conformational Transition of the Glutamate-GABA Antiporter GadC Revealed by <sup>19</sup>F NMR.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same journal

Hydrogen-Bond Network in Equimolar <i>N</i>-Methylacetamide-Water: Integrated Neutron Scattering, Molecular Dynamics, DFT-NBO-AIM, and Machine Learning Analysis.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Impacts of Free-falling Spheres on a Deep Liquid Pool with Altered Fluid and Impactor Surface Conditions
08:49

Impacts of Free-falling Spheres on a Deep Liquid Pool with Altered Fluid and Impactor Surface Conditions

Published on: February 17, 2019

6.4K

Supercritical Water: Density-Independent Angular Jumps.

Ashu Choudhary1, Arpan Kundu2, Chaitanya Singh1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|January 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Supercritical water exhibits dynamic clusters. Reorientational motions involve fast, large angular jumps, with fewer jumps at lower densities, though jump amplitude remains constant with density at a given temperature.

More Related Videos

Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor
07:17

Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor

Published on: August 3, 2018

5.9K
An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Impacts of Free-falling Spheres on a Deep Liquid Pool with Altered Fluid and Impactor Surface Conditions
08:49

Impacts of Free-falling Spheres on a Deep Liquid Pool with Altered Fluid and Impactor Surface Conditions

Published on: February 17, 2019

6.4K
Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor
07:17

Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor

Published on: August 3, 2018

5.9K
An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.5K

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Supercritical fluids exhibit unique properties between liquid and gas phases.
  • Understanding molecular dynamics is crucial for applications of supercritical water.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate reorientation dynamics of water molecules under supercritical conditions.
  • Analyze the influence of density on water molecule dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
  • Analyzed reorientational motions and cluster dynamics of water molecules.

Main Results:

  • Supercritical water forms fluctuating clusters of varying sizes.
  • Reorientational motions are characterized by fast, large angular displacements.
  • Decreasing density leads to fewer angular jumps and more isolated molecules.
  • Rotational jump amplitude in relative coordinates is density-independent at constant temperature.

Conclusions:

  • Supercritical water's molecular behavior is density-dependent regarding cluster formation and jump frequency.
  • Rotational dynamics are complex, influenced by cluster structure and density.