Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 3, 2025
07:03
Author Spotlight: Uncovering the Role of Mitochondrial Calcium Phosphate in Heart Failure and Bioenergetics
Published on: August 23, 2024
649
Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Structural and Functional Changes in Mitochondria.
A A Garganeeva1, E A Kuzheleva1, O V Tukish1
1Research Institute of Cardiology, Branch of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk.
Kardiologiia
|January 9, 2025
Summary
A reduced area of heart muscle cell mitochondria is linked to a history of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). This structural change in cardiomyocytes persists after ADHF, impacting heart function.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Mitochondrial Biology
- Heart Failure Research
Background:
- Heart failure, particularly with reduced or moderately reduced ejection fraction, involves complex cellular changes.
- Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a key factor in heart failure pathogenesis.
- Structural alterations in cardiomyocytes may offer insights into disease progression and patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comparatively assess structural changes in cardiomyocyte mitochondria and mitochondrial respiratory function in patients with and without a history of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).
- To investigate the relationship between mitochondrial structure and clinical parameters in chronic heart failure patients.
- To identify ultrastructural markers indicative of prior ADHF events.
Main Methods:
- Electron microscopy was used to analyze right atrial appendage cardiomyocyte mitochondria from patients with chronic heart failure (ischemic etiology, reduced/moderately reduced ejection fraction).
- Mitochondrial respiratory function was assessed in peripheral blood leukocytes.
- Patients were stratified into groups based on the occurrence of an ADHF episode within the preceding 12 months.
Main Results:
- Reduced mitochondrial respiratory control level (RCL) was observed in both groups.
- Patients with a history of ADHF exhibited a significantly smaller total area of interfibrillar mitochondria (33%) compared to those without ADHF (41.7%).
- The total area of interfibrillar mitochondria correlated significantly with 6-minute walk test distance and peak oxygen consumption.
Conclusions:
- A total interfibrillar mitochondria area below 32% in cardiomyocytes is characteristic of patients with a prior ADHF episode.
- These findings confirm the development and persistence of ultrastructural mitochondrial changes in cardiomyocytes following ADHF.
- Mitochondrial structural integrity is a potential indicator of heart failure severity and history.
More Related Videos
09:40Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle
Published on: January 19, 2017
11.7K
05:45Author Spotlight: Unveiling Oxidative Phosphorylation System Dynamics and Mitochondrial Roles in Health and Disease
Published on: May 3, 2024
1.0K
Related Concept Videos
01:17Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
1.5K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.5K
01:37Mitochondria
10.5K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
10.5K
01:26Imbalances in Cardiac Output
1.3K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
1.3K
01:45Mitochondrial Membranes
8.1K
A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
8.1K
01:28The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane
3.2K
The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria. In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
3.2K
01:46Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II
11.1K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
11.1K