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Environmental Exposures and Canine Bladder Cancer: A Case Control Study Using Silicone Passive Samplers.

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  • 1Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pet dogs exposed to environmental chemicals, like flame retardants and phthalates, showed higher risks for urothelial carcinoma. This study highlights dogs as models for understanding environmental impacts on human cancer risk.

Keywords:
bladder cancerdogenvironmental mixturesexposure assessmentpassive samplingsilicone wristband

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Veterinary Oncology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Pet dogs share human environments, offering insights into environmental health impacts.
  • Canine urothelial carcinoma, a cancer of the urinary tract, shares similarities with human bladder cancer.
  • Dogs develop cancer more quickly than humans, serving as a valuable model for environmental exposure studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess and quantify environmental chemical exposures in pet dogs with high risk of urothelial carcinoma.
  • To identify specific chemical contaminants associated with increased cancer risk in dogs.
  • To validate the use of pet dogs as models for studying environmental contributions to cancer.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving dogs with (cases) and without (controls) a specific BRAF mutation linked to urothelial carcinoma.
  • Use of silicone samplers worn by dogs for five days to capture environmental chemical exposures.
  • Analysis of samplers using targeted and suspect screening (nontargeted) mass spectrometry methods.

Main Results:

  • 39 out of 115 targeted chemicals were detected in over 50% of dog samplers.
  • Cases showed significantly higher exposure levels (2-3x) to BDE-47, BDE-99, anthracene, and benzyl butyl phthalate.
  • Suspect screening revealed cases were exposed to a greater number of chemicals, with 25 chemical features significantly higher than controls.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the most extensive quantification to date of contaminant exposures linked to canine urothelial carcinoma.
  • Findings suggest specific environmental chemicals are associated with increased risk of this cancer in dogs.
  • Pet dogs serve as effective models for investigating environmental factors contributing to cancer development, benefiting both human and veterinary health.