Is ADDM graft practical? A comparative study to evaluate ADDM graft in third molar surgery

Area of Science:

• Oral surgery
• Regenerative medicine
• Biomaterials

Background:

• Lower third molars (LTM) extraction sites can be grafted using autogenous demineralized dentin matrix (ADDM).
• ADDM is processed from extracted LTM, involving grinding, cleaning, sterilization, and demineralization.
• This study assesses ADDM's efficacy as a graft material in third molar extraction sockets.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness of ADDM as a graft material in extraction sockets.
• Assessments include pain, swelling, trismus, probing depth (PD), and bone density.
• Compare ADDM graft outcomes against conventional healing via blood clot formation.

Main Methods:

• A prospective, randomized control trial was conducted.
• Two groups were formed: Group A (45 patients) received ADDM graft with a bio-collagen membrane.
• Group B (45 patients) served as the control, with conventional healing after LTM removal.

Main Results:

• Swelling was significantly higher in the ADDM group (Test Group) compared to the control group on postoperative day seven.
• Probing depth at three months was significantly lower in the ADDM group (2.52 ± 0.641) than the control group (4.46 ± 1.252).
• Radiographical evaluation showed increased bone density in the ADDM group (135.81 ± 8.73) compared to the control group (121.59 ± 13.83) over three months. Pain and trismus showed no significant difference.

Conclusions:

• ADDM graft procedures demonstrate satisfactory clinical outcomes in extraction sockets.
• Preservation methods are crucial for maintaining periodontal pocket depth and alveolar ridge height post-extraction.
• ADDM shows potential as an effective bone graft material in oral surgery.