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Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:28

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

895
Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow...
895

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

The WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Atrial Fibrillation
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Atrial Fibrillation and Retinal Stroke.

Jay B Lusk1,2, Vinit Nalawade3, Lauren E Wilson3

  • 1Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

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|January 9, 2025
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Summary

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is linked to an increased risk of retinal stroke in older adults. This study found a small but independent association, highlighting the importance of managing AF for vascular health.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cardiology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia in older adults.
  • Retinal stroke (central retinal artery occlusion) causes severe visual loss and signals further vascular events.
  • The independent association between AF and retinal stroke is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if AF is independently associated with an increased risk of retinal stroke.
  • To investigate the relationship between AF and incident retinal stroke in a large cohort of older US adults.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 5% of US fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries aged 66+ from 2000-2020.
  • Utilized electronic health records and claims data to identify patients with and without AF.
  • Incident retinal stroke was the primary outcome, with secondary outcomes including other vascular events and non-vascular conditions.

Main Results:

  • The study included over 1 million patients, with 545,072 in the AF group and 545,072 matched controls.
  • A total of 1333 patients with AF and 1082 controls experienced retinal stroke.
  • AF was independently associated with retinal stroke (adjusted HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.02-1.28), though the association was small.

Conclusions:

  • Atrial fibrillation is independently associated with an increased risk of retinal stroke in older adults.
  • The observed association was small, and residual confounding cannot be entirely ruled out.
  • Further research may be needed to fully elucidate the relationship and clinical implications.